This weekend, while revisiting some of my old business books, I stumbled upon the concept of Constraint Theory — the idea that creativity and problem-solving are often enhanced when working within limits, rather than with complete freedom. It made me reflect deeply on how this theory applies so powerfully to the performing arts, and especially to dance. In a world where we often believe that “more” — more time, more resources, more options — leads to better results, Constraint Theory argues the opposite: it’s the careful navigation of restrictions that leads to true innovation.

In dance, we constantly work within constraints: physical abilities, space, budgets, or rehearsal time. Rather than seeing these as obstacles, Constraint Theory invites us to use them as catalysts for deeper artistry. A small stage forces more intimate choreography; limited rehearsal time sharpens focus and spontaneity; fewer dancers can bring greater clarity to a piece’s emotional core. Reading about this reminded me that the limitations we face in our art form are not always a setbacks — they are the very ingredients that help us forge new paths, create original works, and develop dancers who are resilient, resourceful, and profoundly creative.

© Javier Torres